[英文 5文型]
・5要素1. | 主語 | Subject |
2. | 動詞 | Verb |
3. | 目的語 | Object |
4. | 補語 | Complement |
5. | 装飾語 | Modifier |
1. | 主語 + 動詞 | (S+V) |
2. | 主語 + 動詞 + 補語 | (S+V+C) |
3. | 主語 + 動詞 + 目的語 | (S+V+O) |
4. | 主語 + 動詞 + 間接目的語 + 直接目的語 | (S+V+IO+DO) |
5. | 主語 + 動詞 + 目的語 + 補語 | (S+V+O+C) |
英文の始まり12種類
[動詞の時制]
・ | 原形 | play |
・ | 現在形 | play (plays)←主語が3人称単数の場合にsを付加。 |
・ | 過去形 | played |
・ | 未来形 | will play |
・ | 過去分詞 | played |
・ | 現在分詞 | playing |
[be動詞の時制]
・ | 現在形 | am,is,are |
・ | 過去形 | was,ware |
・ | 未来形 | will be |
[現在形の区分]
主語 | be動詞 | 一般動詞 |
I | am | play(原形) |
You・複数形 | are | play(原形) |
3人称単数形 | is | plays |
[複数形の主語]
不規則動詞一覧 | |||
---|---|---|---|
意味 | 原形 | 過去形 | 過去分詞 |
~です、である | be (am , is , are) | was , were | been |
~になる | become | became | become |
始める | begin | began | begun |
壊す | break | broke | broken |
持ってくる | bring | brought | brought |
建てる | build | built | built |
買う | buy | bought | bought |
捕まえる | catch | caught | caugh |
選ぶ | choose | chose | chosen |
来る | come | came | come |
切る | cut | cut | cut |
する | do , does | did | done |
描く | draw | drew | drawn |
飲む | drink | drank | drunk |
運転する | drive | drove | driven |
食べる | eat | ate | eaten |
落ちる | fall | fell | fallen |
感じる | feel | felt | felt |
戦う | fight | fought | fought |
見つける | find | found | found |
飛ぶ | fly | flew | flown |
忘れる | forget | forgot | forgot(ten) |
得る | get | got | got(ten) |
与える | give | gave | given |
行く | go | went | gone |
成長する | grow | grew | grown |
持っている | have , has | had | had |
聞く | hear | heard | heard |
打つ | hit | hit | hit |
つかむ | hold | held | held |
保つ | keep | kept | kept |
知っている | know | knew | known |
横たえる | lay | laid | laid |
去る | leave | left | left |
貸す | lend | lent | lent |
~させる | let | let | let |
横になる | lie | lay | lain |
失う | lose | lost | lost |
作る | make | made | made |
意味する | mean | meant | meant |
会う | meet | met | met |
支払う | pay | paid | paid |
置く | put | put | put |
読む | read | read | read |
乗る | ride | rode | ridden |
鳴る | ring | rang | rung |
上がる | rise | rose | risen |
走る | run | ran | run |
言う | say | said | said |
見る | see | saw | seen |
売る | sell | sold | sold |
送る | send | sent | sent |
輝く | shine | shone | shone |
見せる | show | showed | shown |
歌う | sing | sang | sung |
沈む | sink | sank | sunk |
座る | sit | sat | sat |
眠る | sleep | slept | slept |
話す | speak | spoke | spoken |
費やす | spend | spent | spent |
立っている | stand | stood | stood |
盗む | steal | stole | stolen |
泳ぐ | swim | swam | swum |
持っていく 連れていく | take | took | taken |
教える | teach | taught | taught |
話す | tell | told | told |
思う、考える | think | thought | thought |
投げる | throw | threw | thrown |
理解する | understand | understood | understood |
目を覚ます | wake | woke | waked |
身につける | wear | wore | worn |
勝つ | win | won | won |
書く | write | wrote | written |
次の8品詞とする説が一般的
8品詞とは別に、次のような用語もよく使われる。
日 | 月 | 火 | 水 | 木 | 金 | 土 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
- | - | - | - | - | 1 | 2 |
3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 |
24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
31 | - | - | - | - | - | - |